The effect of human papilloma virus on women reproductive system, pregnancy outcome of mothers: a review

Human papillomavirus is a type of sexually transmitted virus that common in people with factors such as multiple sexual partners, weakened immune system caused by anxiety, or alcohol and tobacco users. This (human papilloma) causes negative effects on vaginal cervical epithelial cells, sperm quality other fertility parameters. papilloma can exist the seminal fluid ejaculation play role men. Different viruses may directly indirectly infect male gametes, sperms. Decreased changes structure, increased DNA fragmentation, aneuploidy. As result, it decrease women men failure assisted reproductive methods, pregnancy complications frequent miscarriages, premature births weight loss at birth. HPV precancerous low-grade high-grade cancer (LSIL-HSIL).